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Year 8 · Humanities and Social Sciences · Knowledge and understanding

AC9HH8K01

the transformation of the ancient world to the early modern world, from the decline of the Roman Empire in western Europe through Medieval, Renaissance or pre-modern Europe

The content description above is Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority (ACARA)’s own wording, reproduced unmodified from the Australian Curriculum v9.0, read in August 2026, and licensed CC BY 4.0.

© Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority (ACARA) 2010 to present, unless otherwise indicated. This material was downloaded from the Australian Curriculum website and was not modified. ACARA does not endorse this product and is not affiliated with it.

Taught alongside it

The rest of Knowledge and understanding in Year 8.

AC9HH8K02

the roles and relationships of different groups in Medieval, Renaissance or pre-modern Europe

AC9HH8K03

a significant event, development, turning point or challenge that contributed to continuity and change in Medieval, Renaissance or pre-modern Europe

AC9HH8K04

the experiences and perspectives of rulers and of subject peoples, and the interaction between power and/or authority in Medieval, Renaissance or pre-modern Europe

AC9HH8K05

the role and achievements of a significant individual and/or group in Medieval, Renaissance or pre-modern Europe

AC9HH8K06

interpretations about an event, individual, group, institution or movement in Medieval, Renaissance or pre-modern Europe

AC9HH8K07

the significant social, religious, cultural, economic, environmental and/or political features of different groups related to the empire and/or expansion

AC9HH8K08

a significant event, development, turning point or challenge that contributed to continuity and change related to the empire and/or expansion

AC9HH8K09

the experiences and perspectives of rulers and of subject peoples, and how the interaction between power and/or authority relates to the empire and/or expansion

AC9HH8K10

the role and achievements of a significant individual and/or group connected to the empire and/or expansion

AC9HH8K11

interpretations about the society and events, and/or individuals and/or groups connected to the empire and/or expansion

AC9HH8K12

the significant social, religious, cultural, economic, environmental and/or political features of different groups in the Asian-Pacific society

AC9HH8K13

a significant development, event, turning point or challenge that contributed to continuity and change in the Asian-Pacific society

AC9HH8K14

the experiences and perspectives of rulers and of subject peoples, and the interaction between power and/or authority in the Asian-Pacific society

AC9HH8K15

the role and achievements of a significant individual and/or group in the Asian-Pacific society

AC9HH8K16

interpretations about the Asian-Pacific society and events, and/or individuals and/or groups connected to the society

The same idea, year by year

Where AC9HH8K01 comes from and where it goes, for a student working below or above Year 8.

  1. Year 7AC9HH7K01theories and historical interpretations about early human evolution and migration, such as the theory that people moved out of Africa and the causes of migration to other parts of the world, including Australia
  2. Year 7AC9HH7K02theories about the causes and effects of the arrival of early First Nations Australians on the Australian continent and their migration routes across the continent
  3. Year 7AC9HH7K03how First Nations Australians are the world’s oldest continuing cultures, displaying evidence of both continuity and change over deep time
  4. Year 7AC9HH7K04how First Nations Australians have responded to environmental processes and changes over time
  5. Year 7AC9HH7K05the technological achievements of early First Nations Australians, and how these developed in different places and contributed to daily life, and land and water source management
  6. Year 7AC9HH7K06the social organisation and cultural practices of early First Nations Australians, and their continuity and change over time
  7. Year 7AC9HH7K07the cultural obligations of First Nations Australians about significant heritage sites, including ancestral remains, material culture and artefacts, and the role of collaboration between First Nations Australians and other individuals and groups to ensure cultural preservation
  8. Year 7AC9HH7K08the different methods and sources of evidence used by historians and archaeologists to investigate early societies, and the importance of archaeology and conserving the remains, material culture and heritage of the past
  9. Year 7AC9HH7K09how the physical environment and geographical features influenced the development of the ancient society
  10. Year 7AC9HH7K10the organisation and roles of key groups in ancient society such as the nobility, bureaucracy, women and slaves, and how they influenced and changed society
  11. Year 7AC9HH7K11key beliefs, values and practices of an ancient society, with a particular emphasis on one of the following areas: everyday life, warfare, or death and funerary customs
  12. Year 7AC9HH7K12causes and effects of contacts and conflicts within ancient societies and/or with other societies, resulting in developments such as the conquest of other lands, the expansion of trade and peace treaties
  13. Year 7AC9HH7K13the role and achievements of a significant individual in an ancient society
  14. Year 9AC9HH9K01the causes and effects of European imperial expansion and the movement of peoples in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, and the different responses to colonisation and migration
  15. Year 9AC9HH9K014the changing population movements and settlement patterns during the period 1750 to 1900
  16. Year 9AC9HH9K02the key social, cultural, economic and political changes and their significance in the development of Australian society during the period
  17. Year 9AC9HH9K03the causes and effects of European contact and extension of settlement, including their impact on the First Nations Peoples of Australia
  18. Year 9AC9HH9K04significant events, ideas, people, groups and movements in the development of Australian society
  19. Year 9AC9HH9K05continuities and changes and their effects on ways of life and living conditions, political and legal institutions, and cultural expression around the turn of the 20th century in Australian society
  20. Year 9AC9HH9K06different experiences and perspectives of colonisers, settlers and First Nations Australians and the impact of these experiences on changes to Australian society's ideas, beliefs and values
  21. Year 9AC9HH9K07the development of Australian society in relation to other nations in the world by 1914, including the effects of ideas and movements of people
  22. Year 9AC9HH9K08the causes of the First World War and the reasons why Australians enlisted to fight in the war
  23. Year 9AC9HH9K09the places of significance where Australians fought, their perspectives and experiences, including the Gallipoli campaign, the Western Front and the Middle East
  24. Year 9AC9HH9K10significant events and turning points of the war and the nature of warfare, including the Western Front Battle of the Somme and the Armistice
  25. Year 9AC9HH9K11the effects of the First World War on Australian society, such as the role of women, political debates about conscription, relationships with the British Empire, and the experiences of returned soldiers
  26. Year 9AC9HH9K12the commemoration of the First World War, including different historical interpretations and debates about the nature and significance of the Anzac legend and the war
  27. Year 9AC9HH9K13the social, economic, political, technological and/or environmental causes and effects of the Industrial Revolution on Europe in the late 18th and 19th century
  28. Year 9AC9HH9K15the short-, medium- and long-term effects of population movements and changing settlement patterns during this period, such as global demographic changes, transport, new ideas, and political and social reforms
  29. Year 9AC9HH9K16the different perspectives and experiences of men, women and children during the Industrial Revolution, and their changing way of life
  30. Year 9AC9HH9K17the ideas that emerged and influenced change in society, such as nationalism, capitalism, imperialism, socialism, egalitarianism and Chartism
  31. Year 9AC9HH9K18the role of a significant individual or group such as agricultural and factory workers, inventors and entrepreneurs, landowners, politicians and religious groups in promoting and enacting some of the ideas that emerged during the Industrial Revolution
  32. Year 9AC9HH9K19the key social, cultural, economic and political features of an Asian society during the 18th and early 19th Century
  33. Year 9AC9HH9K20the causes and effects of European contact, including colonialisation, on an Asian society
  34. Year 9AC9HH9K21significant events, ideas, people, groups and/or movements in the development of an Asian society
  35. Year 9AC9HH9K22continuities and changes and their effects on the ways of life and living conditions, political and legal institutions, and cultural expression around the turn of the 20th century in an Asian society
  36. Year 9AC9HH9K23different experiences and perspectives of colonisers and Asian peoples from the time and the impact of changes to society, including events, ideas, beliefs and values
  37. Year 9AC9HH9K24the development of an Asian society in relation to other nations in the world by 1914, including the effects of ideas such as nationalism and self-determination

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